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Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE)
It is defined as the ratio of the signal-to-noise ratio of the detector output image to the signal-to-noise ratio of the input image.

DQE is an expression of the ability of the imaging system to transmit signals and noise from input to output. The larger the DQE value, the smaller the signal-to-noise ratio loss of the acquired image, that is, the smaller the contribution of the video chain to noise.

DQE is related to the photographic material, structure and process of the detector, which is also closely related to the pixel size. Image noise is inversely proportional to the number of effective photons received by each pixel unit. Generally speaking, the pixel size is large, and the number of photons contained in the pixel increases, which reduces image noise and improves detection sensitivity and DQE.

Ways to control noise/improve DQE:
(1) Efficient scintillator and high pixel fill factor
(2) Effective connection between the scintillator and the detector
(3) Reduce electronic noise

Dynamic range of flat panel detectors
The dynamic range is a key indicator of the performance of the detector. It refers to the linear detection of the X-ray incident dose of the detector, the ratio of the lowest dose to the highest dose. If the DR detector can detect linearly, the lowest value of the dose change is 1uGy, the output is 0 when the dose is lower than 1uGy, the highest value is 10mGy, and the output is the same. The ratio is 1uGy: 10mGy = 1:10000 (that is, the 4th power of 10) is the dynamic range of the detector.