The non-destructive testing method utilizes the interaction of sound, light, electricity, heat, magnetism and radiation with the substance to be tested, and detects the presence of materials, components or equipment without destroying and damaging the structure and properties of the substance to be tested. Internal and external defects, and can determine the size, shape and location of the defect.
There are many non-destructive testing techniques, including dye penetration detection, ultrasonic detection, strong optical detection, penetration detection, acoustic emission detection, and the x-ray detection method described in this paper.
X-ray nondestructive testing is one of the main methods of industrial nondestructive testing. It is an important technology to ensure the quality of welding. The test results have been used as an important basis for the analysis and quality assessment of weld defects. Film photography is a common method used in early X-ray nondestructive testing. X-ray film has high image quality and can accurately provide real information of defects in the weld. However, this method has the disadvantages of complicated operation process, high running cost, difficult storage, and inconvenient query.
Due to the rapid development of electronic technology, a new type of X-ray non-destructive testing method "X-ray industrial TV" has emerged and has begun to be applied to the non-destructive testing of weld quality. X-ray industrial TV has been developed to replace the original X-ray non-destructive film by industrial CCD cameras, and to display flaw detection images in real time with a monitor (industrial TV), which not only saves a lot of X-ray film, but also can be online in real time. Detection improves the detection efficiency of X-ray non-destructive testing. However, most of the current x-ray industrial TVs also use manual methods for online detection and analysis, and manual detection itself has several unavoidable shortcomings, such as inconsistent subjective standards, high labor intensity, and low detection efficiency.
The principle of the X-ray non-destructive testing computer-aided evaluation system can be summarized by two "conversions": first, the X-ray penetrates the metal material and the weld area and is received by the image intensifier, and the image intensifier displays the invisible X-ray detection information. Converted to a visible image and taken by a CCD camera, this process is called "photoelectric conversion"; in terms of the nature of the information, the visual image is an analog quantity, which cannot be recognized by the computer, if it is to be input into a computer for processing , you need to convert the analog quantity into a digital quantity and perform “A/D conversion”, that is, convert the visual image into a digital image after computer processing. The method is to take a visual image with a high-definition industrial CCD camera, input it into a video capture card, convert it into a digital image, and then, after being processed by a computer, display the nature, size and internal defects of the material on the display screen. The location and other information, and then the test results are graded according to the relevant standards, so as to achieve the weld quality inspection and analysis.
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